3.2b

Unit 3. C. Listening. C. Listen to the lecture again and answer the following questions.

Florence Nightingale is the founder of modern nursing. She was born in Florence, Italy on

May 12, 1820. Her family was wealthy. They didn't have any financial problems. Most of

the time, they were touring Europe. However, Florence Nightingale never liked doing upper

class activities. At the age of 24, she decided to work in hospitals as a nurse because she

wanted to help poor and sick people. Her family didn't want her to work in hospitals because

hospital conditions were terrible at that time and nurses were untrained. Nightingale

didn't listen to her family and she studied nursing at a German school. In 1853, she became

the chief of a hospital in London and helped poor and sick people. She transformed nursing

into a respectable profession. She set the standards for clean and safe hospitals and she

trained the hospital staff. In a short time, Nightingale became famous for making improvements

to healthcare. In March 1854, during the Crimean War, the Minister of War invited Florence to

the military hospitals in Turkey. With the group of nurses, Florence arrived in Scutari,

Uscudar, in Turkey. At first, she was very upset because there were not enough beds for

the soldiers and the conditions were terrible. She worked hard to provide better conditions

to the entire system of military hospitals and medical care. She improved supplies of

food, blankets, beds, cleanliness and the general conditions of the hospitals. She helped

sick and wounded soldiers. The death rate among soldiers fell quickly. The public respected

and admired her because of her great help to health sector. In 1860, she established the

first professional training school for nurses. She published over 200 books and many reports

on hospital planning and organization. In 1907, Nightingale got the Order of Merit Award.

She died on August 13, 1910, in England.