9.3

9 .3 Read and listen to the text about famous scientists and their achievements.

Thomas Edison, 1847, 1931, was a great inventor. He was interested in electric light and power.

He also worked on telecommunications. He is famous for the invention of the phonograph

and the electric light bulb, but he also made many other devices. For example,

he invented an automatic telegraph repeater in 1864. In 1874, he formed a research laboratory.

He conducted his experiments in this lab. He began working on an electrical system

and invented the electric light bulb in 1879. He also made the kinetograph, the first movie camera.

Edward Jenner, 1749, 1823, was a British doctor. He is famous for his research on the smallpox

disease and for his discovery of the smallpox vaccine. In the 18th century, smallpox was a

very dangerous and deadly disease. Jenner developed the vaccine in 1798. In fact,

this was the first vaccine in the world. Then, he tested it on an eight -year -old boy,

and he succeeded. More than 100 ,000 people across the world had smallpox vaccinations

before the year 1800. Later, vaccination campaigns in the 19th and 20th centuries

destroyed smallpox virus completely. Marie Currie, 1867, 1934, was a Polish -French physicist and chemist.

She is famous for her research on radioactivity and her theory of radioactivity.

She is the first person to receive two Nobel Prizes and the first woman professor.

In 1903, Marie Currie won and shared a Nobel Prize in physics with her husband Pierre and French

scientist Henri Becquerel for their achievements on radioactivity. In 1911, she won a Nobel Prize in

chemistry for her own discovery of two new elements, polonium and radium.

She established a laboratory at the University of Paris in 1909, and in 1932,

she established the Radium Institute in Poland.